Energy is a sector that will never cease to be discussed by countries in the world. Energy is one of the sources of life for the whole society. Energy resilience and energy sovereignty has always been an important agenda for goverment of a country. Energy described as a limited resources, so that planning and its use should be based on effectiveness and efficiency.
Opportunities and challenges in the long run should generate ideas which are very necesarry to make strategic plans forenergy resilience and future energy sovereignty. Good planning will be visible on the roadmap for energy that relies heavily on goverment policies.
Many countries applying a strategy of export and import of refined energy results in particular of gas and petroleum. To cultivate high-value and then export to a foreign country or import for domestic short-term needs is a difficult choice for the goverment in formulating policies on the energy sector.
The goverment’s policy can not stand on its own without any components that build it. Good integration with the advancement of technology will make these policies can follow the demand, improving economic growth, and reducing CO2 emissions.
The renewable energy was the beginning of a change of strategy in protecting sufficiency of energy needs. The most important activity after developing sustainable unconventional energy resources is distribution of energy to the rest of the world. After a good distribution process is done, things that deserves consideration are the energy markets adjustments, economic goals, and environmental sustainability.
The development of the energy which is balanced in each country with regard to the sustainability of environment habitats will generate benefits for life in the future. An analysis of the level of risk and climate trends will help stakeholders involved in maing investment decisions and appropriate energy policies.
The largest use of energy until the end of the year 2020 will be centered in the emerging countries including Indonesia. High demand for oil and coal will occur in the countries of Southeast Asia and China. The report made by the World Energy Outlook (WEO) shows that The United States make arrangements of domestic energy needs well.
Energy trade in developing countries creates a relationship betwen the level of the economy and the availability of energy resources indicated by changes in the prices of oil, gas, and electricity that are inconsistent. The infrastructure development become an important factor that should be available in providing access to electricity, reducing the use of energy to fossil fuels and biomass for households that have an impact on the environment and climate change.
The increased of consumption of crude oil every year is not a new issue for countries around the world. The price of oil was formed by the world market is inversely proportional to other energy sources such as gas and electricity. Countries that have the industry that requires electrical energy and gas in high level will provide an adequate supply. The price is formed later will vary in each country so it does not follow market mechanisms.
The energy sector remains important when the calculation of energy costs in each country will be different in the gas and electricity energy. On the industry that products eventually sold internationally, the need for energy and efficiency become very significant. Besides the factor of labor and other costs, calculation of energy use will become a regular activity for the industry that relies on a high level of energy demand.
The price level of gas and electricity resources are diverse in every country is not without cause and the impact. In contrast to the price movement of crude oil, the main source of energy prices formation for this industry is not centralized and tend to be followed by the impacts that only faced vy state or spesific region. Emerging countries in Asia, use the influence of energy prices as a consideration of decision-making and competitive strategy. Thus, the energy are often used for efficiency agenda based on the company’s roadmap in the long term.
When energy was one factor in making investment decisions, the countries that perform the export activities of energy sources such as crude oil, gas, and electricity will faced a negative growth as the company carried out efficiency activities. Utilization of energy in this case is not only important, their impact that request a serious concern when it has influence in global market conditions.
The achievement of energy efficiency is still far from the estimation that has been measured and planned. Energy affciency already applied to the building industry, motor vehicles, and commodities equipments that are frequently used in public. A high consumption of the equipment and public facilities is not comparable to the use of energy in the household sector that dominates the import of energy at a high level.
The household is the dominant sector in many countries has not yet been able to develop the concept of energy efficiency so that required some investment in alternative energy that is supported by incentives from the government.
The concept of energy efficiency associated with the increased of competitivenesss using some aspects of the measurement. Competitiveness must describe the energy-climate map which includes the reduction of gas emissions and reforming fossil-fuel subsidies.
Emisiion reduction performed on industry in all countries. The restriction of emissions in particular countries will give arise to inequality that have an impact on the emergence of economic action.
A subsidy scheme should also give rise to sustainable benefits followed by cos reduction strategies. Design of subsidies for renewable energy and emission reduction efforts showed that energy efficiency does not depend on the competitiveness aspect only.
Planning and strategic actions are two important components in the energy sector. The source of energy that is able to meet the needs of the world’s population will be discharged in the next 100 years if the plan and development of energy sector is not well done.
Ideas about the development of alternative energy and energy efficiency effort is the combination of policies that is neede in energy roadmap. In the end, the opportunities and challenges that exist in the short term and long term can produce energy sovereignty in the future.
Penulis : Putu Yunartha P. P.